How has the newspaper industry maximised profits in response to technological changes?

How has the newspaper industry maximised profits in response to technological changes?

The newspaper industry maximises profit through ownership. Rupert Murdoch , who owns The Times, also owns a lot of other companies. Here we could apply the theory of Media Institutions by Hesmondhalgh, this states that the idea that cultural industry companies try to minimise risk and maximise their demographics through vertical and horizontal integration. Rupert Murdoch does this effectively in horizontal integration through The Sun and The Times. This allows him to influence the gatekeeper in his political bias and publish this in a broadsheet and a tabloid, which targets a more middle class audience but also a working class audience. Ownership doesn't only influence the print based sector but online and television sector. As Murdoch owns Sky, this allows him, again, to influence the way the news is broadcasted on Sky News, this is vertical integration as the same message is being portrayed through a different medium. During the breaks of the broadcasts, Murdoch promotes more of his other products through adverts, (convergence).

Another way that the newspaper industry maximises profit through technological changes is online technology. As technology is advancing , the newspaper, print industry is loosing profit. Social media has had a huge impact as it is more flexible and has more availability. This targets a wider demographic as a lot of people don't have the time to buy newspapers and can access the news everywhere from a device they always carry everywhere. The negative impacts of having an online resource of news, means they have less control on what is published and they make less profit. Newspapers are forced to have a "perfect" website or app but also keep the formal lexis they have in their print based work.

The Times battles the social media craze by making their online website a similar format to a conventional print broadsheet newspaper. They have kept their lexis formal and haven't compromised it to become more informal due to the way the text is distributed. The layout is quite simple and doesn't have many options to navigate the site. The downside of this is that there is a lack of audience feedback, this can effect the views of the broadsheet. As The Times's target audience is 40 years or above, having the website can damage how many of these view the broadsheet as conventionally people around that age don't know how to use technology.

Explain how ownership shapes media products. ­­­Refer to EITHER The Daily Mirror OR The Times to support your points(12 marks)

Explain how ownership shapes media products. ­­­Refer The Times to support your points  (12 marks)

Ownership often influences how media products are shaped. Rupert Murdoch , who owns The Times, also owns a lot of other companies. Here we could apply the theory of Media Institutions by Hesmondhalgh, this states that the idea that cultural industry companies try to minimise risk and maximise their demographics through vertical and horizontal integration. Rupert Murdoch does this effectively in horizontal integration through The Sun and The Times. This allows him to influence the gatekeeper in his political bias and publish this in a broadsheet and a tabloid, which targets a more middle class audience but also a working class audience. Ownership doesn't only influence the print based sector but online and television sector. As Murdoch owns Sky, this allows him, again, to influence the way the news is broadcasted on Sky News, this is vertical integration as the same message is being portrayed through a different medium. During the breaks of the broadcasts, Merdoch promotes more of his other products through adverts, (convergence).

cultural 

 

Rupert merdoch owns the times

- sky

- 20th century fox 

NEWSPAPERS

The Mirror and The Times

Masthead - " Daily Mail"

- Normally in a Gothic font and generally in black.

- Staple of Iconography

Broadsheet- Formal / Serious lexis and tone

Tabloid- Informal / unserious lexis and tone

Puffs or Blurbs- indication on what's inside the newspaper, normally in colour to draw demographic into smaller stories.

Headline- Main story - Bold and larger but not larger than masthead.

Strap-line - directly below headline , gives a little bit more insight on the headlined story.

By-line - Name of journalist that has written the article.

Standalone- An article that doesn't carry on inside the newspaper.

Main image- the central image on the cover, often links with the headline but not always.

Pull quote- large quote separated from the article.

Jump-line- " continued on page 6"

White space- empty space on the newspaper

News values;

Gate keeper- filters the story through the news values and decides what's published. Conglomerates normally influence this ( Reference to Rupert Murdoch). Cultivation theory and hypodermic needle theory.

Threshold- bigger impact and reach of story.

Unexpectedness - surprising story

Negativity - bad stories reach more consumers than good stories as people like to see others down fall (schadenfreude)

Elite persons - important people (Dyer star theory)

Unambiguous - Easy stories 

Personalisation - stories that include "real people"

Proximity - stories closer to home

Continuity- continued or updated stories.

Theory;

Cuman + Seaton - Variety of industries.

Hesmondhalgh - integration - horizontal and vertical.

RADIO INDUSTRY

RADIO INDUSTRY 

-LNWH is no longer broadcast by the BBC but is still available online . Summarise the differences between broadcasting and podcasting  for the audience and how it may affect the content and structure of a programme.

A large difference between podcasting and live radio is the fact that live radio cannot be edited after it has been broadcast, whereas podcasts are pre-recorded so they can easily be adjusted after recording. ... While radio can include pre-recorded content, many shows are usually live broadcasts.


-Define and give an example of a commercial  and a public Service  radio broadcaster, explaining the key differences.

A Public Service Broadcaster  is a state funded media broadcaster intended not simply for commercial purposes, but more, to benefit the public.A Commercial Broadcaster is a media broadcaster produced through by privately owned corporate media, a stark contrast to the state funded model of the PSB.

-Explain the identity and purpose of the BBC based on its origins, history and how it is funded.

The BBC is a British organization which broadcasts programmes on radio and television. BBC is an abbreviation for 'British Broadcasting Corporation'. The concert will be broadcast live by the BBC.We are innovative, adaptable and creative, making lasting improvements to people's lives.  BBC State that "We respect everyone we work with: our audiences, partners and colleagues. We seek to understand context, and to encourage diversity. We support, challenge and value our colleagues and partners, learning from each other.". The BBC are funded through their consumers paying their TV license on a rolling contract.

-How does the BBC broadcast or provide content nationally, locally and globally?

The BBC broadcast their programmes in the UK and also in America. They use BBC Worldwide ; BBC Worldwide is a principal commercial arm and a wholly owned subsidiary of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Its vision is to build the BBC's brands, audiences, commercial returns and reputation across the world.

Late night women hour

Late Night Women Hour;

Based on the overview and specific content from two episodes ( the episode 'Home' and one other)  , explain the following about Late Night Woman's Hour with examples from the program supporting your points


-History and background of  LNWH

-Summary of content and audience of Radio 4 

-Themes and subjects covered in LNWH

-Structure and content of typical episodes ( interviews, feature pieces, discussion , phone-in , etc.)

-Presenter ( age, gender.background,broadcasting history, comparison with previous presenters )

-Use of spoken language ( mode of address, formal/informal, emotional language)

-Use of audio codes ( music, sting , theme  )

-Opportunities for audience feedback

-Any marketing /advertising  of  own program and other  BBC content

Target audience of LNWH ( age,gender,class,interests,use of media etc.)

The previous  elements should help you define and explain this

(LNWH) is a late night edition of the long-running, BBC Radio 4 programme Woman's Hour. It started in 2015 with a one-month pilot run, scheduled twice weekly on Thursday and Friday at 11 pm for one hour. The presenters for this first run were Lauren Laverne and Jane Garvey who led panels of five guests in discussion of a particular topic such as fan fiction or lust. Lauren Laverne then became the permanent host when the programme started a regular schedule in 2016, being scheduled as a monthly podcast which was then broadcast on Radio 4 at 11 pm on the last Thursday of each month.

The topics discussed in the first run included the dating app, Tinder, and lying. The conversation was frank and adult, being broadcast after the watershed.

In 2018 Late Night Woman's Hour became available in a weekly podcast format which listeners can access via BBC Sounds as well as other podcast apps. Guests include technology evangelist Dr Sue Black, Guardian beauty columnist Sali Hughes, writer and broadcaster Afua Hirsch, influencer Chidera Eggerue, author and blogger Emma Gannon, Elle Deputy Editor Kenya Hunt, journalist Miranda Sawyer and writer and comedian Viv Groskop. 

In autumn 2018 5 Live broadcaster and journalist Emma Barnett took over from Lauren Laverne. 

statement of aims

STATEMENT OF AIMS (500 Words approximately)

You will be required to complete a brief outline of your aims and intentions for the media production that must be submitted with the production. This will be assessed with the production and will enable you to explain the ways in which you will apply knowledge and understanding of the theoretical framework to the production and target the intended audience.

In my work, I will be focusing on music marketing a new artist with the record label Universal Island Records.

When shooting my music video, I will be using a lot of transition shots, close ups and in and out of focus shots. I will predominately be shooting outside and would preferably like the whether to be bright and sunny but would also have a few low-key lighting shots to show the sombre mood before the narrative picks up. To convey my idea of 2 protagonists meeting but are in contrast with each other, I will be using split screen to show 2 different shots at the same time. Before I do this, a time lapse of the sky or sea will be used to show the passing of time but to also set the mise-en-scene of the music video, this links to the narrative as it is about 2 people meeting over a long period of time but don’t know that they have, until the penultimate. Although the narrative is about 2 protagonists, I will include some form of performance through one of the characters, using them as the new artist which reinforces the target audiences’ requirements. My new artist; Bella will be shown looking through books about being alone and/or finding “the one”. My editing of the music video will be invisible to match the visual codes. Lastly, in the first shot, the graphics will appear to inform the audience who the artist is because she is new to the industry.

The magazine and double page spread I will be creating is called “Glow”, I chose this name as it conveys a new artist coming from nothing to “Glowing” in the industry. The masthead will be in a pink font, with an inner glow. Pink is bold but also conveys the inexperience that the artists has in the music industry. I will follow this with the taglines being white, black and pink, these will include things such as “UK Top Underrated Artists” & “Music You’ve Never Heard Before.”. The main image will be a mid-shot of my artist, in colour to stand out from the stripped back magazine. I intend to price the magazine from £2.99, this is affordable and widens the consumer bracket further to people such as students with a lack of disposable income. 

On top of the magazine front cover, I will produce a double page spread that will include an interview with the artist, explain their rise to fame and how they were discovered. This will include questions which force the audience to think. I will add in motivational responses from the artist to inspire the audience to pursue their dream career no matter the age.

J.P Cooper- Lyrics Acoustic Version

You were looking at me like you wanted to stay
When I saw you yesterday
I'm not wasting your time, I'm not playing no games
I see you

Who knows the secret tomorrow will hold?
We don't really need to know
'Cause you're here with me now, I don't want you to go
You're here with me now, I don't want you to go

Maybe we're perfect strangers
Maybe it's not forever
Maybe intellect will change us
Maybe we'll stay together
Maybe we'll walk away
Maybe we'll realize
We're only human
Maybe we don't need no reason
Maybe we're perfect strangers
Maybe it's not forever
Maybe intellect will change us
Maybe we'll stay together
Maybe we'll walk away
Maybe we'll realize
We're only human
Maybe we don't need no reason
Why
Come on, come on, come on now
Maybe we don't need no reason
Why
Come on, come on, come on now

No one but you got me feeling this way
There's so much we can't explain
Maybe we're helping each other escape
I'm with you

Who knows the secret tomorrow will hold?
We don't really need to know
'Cause you're here with me now, I don't want you to go
You're here with me now, I don't want you to go

Maybe we're perfect strangers
Maybe it's not forever
Maybe intellect will change us
Maybe we'll stay together
Maybe we'll walk away
Maybe we'll realize
We're only human
Maybe we don't need no reason
Maybe we're perfect strangers
Maybe it's not forever
Maybe intellect will change us
Maybe we'll stay together
Maybe we'll walk away
Maybe we'll realize
We're only human
Maybe we don't need no reason
Why
Come on, come on, come on now
Maybe we don't need no reason
Why
Come on, come on, come on now
Come on, come on, come on now
Maybe we don't need no reason
Why
Come on, come on, come on now